Back Injury

The back muscles can be injured by heavy lifting, a severe fall or by a sudden turn of the trunk, which can result in a slipped disc. The lower back is most commonly injured and the victim may also suffer painful muscle spasm. In more rare cases, the spine itself may be injured after a heavy fall. If pain is severe or follows a fall, seek urgent medical advice.

The victim may complain of:

• Back pain, sometimes radiating down the outer leg

• Restricted movement in the lower limbs

• Loss of sensation in the legs

• Stiff neck; blurred or double vision

• Headache

• Blood-stained urine

Look for:

• Any signs of recent injury

• Drowsiness or loss of consciousness

What you should do:

• Where the injury is unlikely to be serious, help the victim to rest in the most comfortable position, generally lying plat with one pillow under her head.

• If there is soreness of the lower back after carrying a heavy load, or after a sudden twisting movement, the victim should rest for up to an hour to help ease the muscle spasm.

Important Note:

• If the injury is caused by a severe fall, and the victim is conscious, avoid moving her in case the spine has been injured. Call for an ambulance to asses and move the victim.

• If rest does not relieve the pain, seek medical advice as soon as possible. If the victim loses consciousness, turn her onto her side at once. Check that the airway is clear. Call for an ambulance immediately and watch for any change in condition while you wait.